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2.
Arch. argent. pediatr ; 121(4): e202202963, ago. 2023.
مقالة ي الانجليزية, الأسبانية | LILACS, BINACIS | ID: biblio-1442528
4.
Arch. argent. pediatr ; 116(3): 437-441, jun. 2018. tab, ilus
مقالة ي الأسبانية | LILACS, BINACIS | ID: biblio-950022

الملخص

La hipertensión pulmonar asociada a la infección por virus de inmunodeficiencia humana es una enfermedad sumamente infrecuente en pediatría, por lo que requiere alta sospecha clínica para llegar a su diagnóstico. Su aparición es de pronóstico desfavorable, pero el diagnóstico precoz y el tratamiento específico pueden mejorar su evolución. Se presenta el caso clínico de un paciente de 15 años con diagnóstico de infección por virus de inmunodeficiencia humana de transmisión vertical, sin tratamiento antirretroviral, con tos y disnea de esfuerzo progresiva asociadas a signos de falla cardíaca derecha en el cual se diagnosticó hipertensión pulmonar grave. Luego de descartarse otras causas, se asumió la hipertensión pulmonar asociada a la infección por virus de inmunodeficiencia humana. Se realizó el tratamiento con sildenafil y presentó buena respuesta.


Pulmonary hypertension associated with human immunodeficiency virus infection is an extremely rare disease in pediatrics; it requires a high clinical suspicion to reach a diagnosis. Its appearance poses an unfavorable prognostic, but early diagnosis and specific treatment can improve outcomes. We report the clinical case of a fifteen-year-old patient diagnosed with human immunodeficiency virus infection of vertical transmission, without antiretroviral treatment, with cough and progressive exertional dyspnea, associated with signs of right heart failure in which severe pulmonary hypertension was diagnosed. After discarding other causes, it was assumed pulmonary hypertension associated with human immunodeficiency virus infection. Treatment was performed with sildenafil with good response.


الموضوعات
Humans , Adolescent , Vasodilator Agents/therapeutic use , HIV Infections/complications , Sildenafil Citrate/therapeutic use , Hypertension, Pulmonary/drug therapy , Severity of Illness Index , HIV Infections/transmission , Treatment Outcome , Infectious Disease Transmission, Vertical , Heart Failure/diagnosis , Heart Failure/virology , Hypertension, Pulmonary/diagnosis , Hypertension, Pulmonary/virology
5.
Arch. argent. pediatr ; 115(6): 391-396, dic. 2017. tab
مقالة ي الانجليزية, الأسبانية | LILACS | ID: biblio-1038396

الملخص

En la asistencia de niños y adolescentes enfermos de tuberculosis, se deben conocer las dificultades que tienen muchas familias para acceder a la atención médica y al diagnóstico y tratamiento oportuno. El trabajador social actúa junto con otros integrantes del equipo de salud, lo que facilita el acceso a los recursos y beneficios asistenciales que pueden favorecer la adherencia al tratamiento y fortalecer la salud de esa población vulnerable. Si bien el propósito que engloba el accionar del trabajador social en esta enfermedad es contribuir a disminuir el riesgo de infectarse, enfermar o morir de tuberculosis, la situación epidemiológica actual de esta patología en Argentina ha puesto al trabajador social frente al desafío de replantearse nuevas estrategias de intervención y revisión de objetivos. El objetivo de este trabajo es plantear su rol y proponer acciones que pueden contribuir a disminuir la morbimortalidad por tuberculosis en niños y adolescentes.


In the care of children and adolescents with tuberculosis (TB), it is necessary to know the difficulties that many families have in accessing health care, obtaining a diagnosis, and receiving a timely treatment. Social workers, along with other members of the health care team, assist in providing access to health care resources and benefits that may favor treatment compliance and strengthen the health of this vulnerable population. Although the purpose of social workers involvement in this disease is to reduce the risk of becoming infected, sick or dying from TB, the current epidemiological situation of this disease in Argentina has faced social workers with the challenge of reconsidering new intervention strategies and revising current objectives. This study addresses their role and proposes actions that may contribute to decreasing TB morbidity and mortality in children and adolescents.


الموضوعات
Humans , Child , Adolescent , Primary Health Care , Social Work , Tuberculosis , Child
6.
Arch. argent. pediatr ; 114(5): e357-e361, oct. 2016. ilus, tab
مقالة ي الأسبانية | LILACS, BINACIS | ID: biblio-838283

الملخص

El síndrome hemofagocítico secundario es infrecuente en pediatría y, más aun, asociado a tuberculosis. Presentamos el caso de una paciente con síndrome de inmunodeficiencia adquirida, tuberculosis diseminada y síndrome hemofagocítico. Niña de 8 años, condiagnóstico de síndrome deinmunodeficiencia adquirida, que se internó por fiebre, vómitos y dolor abdominal. Presentaba distensión abdominal, deshidratación, taquipnea, rales subcrepitantes y sibilancias en ambos pulmones, anemia, plaquetopenia y alteración de la coagulación. Recibió antibióticos de amplio espectro y se realizó una laparotomía exploradora con apendicectomia y biopsia ganglionar. A las 72 horas, presentó convulsión tónico clónica, deterioro del sensorio, fiebre, hipoxemia, hepatoesplenomegalia, ascitis y edema periférico. Presentaba bicitopenia, hiperferritinemia y examen microscópico de médula ósea con hemofagocitosis. Recibió gammaglobulina intravenosa, corticoides y transfusiones sanguíneas. Se aisló Mycobacterium tuberculosis del aspirado gástrico, médula ósea y biopsia ganglionar abdominal. Se trató con isoniacida, rifampicina, estreptomicina y etambutol, y presentó franca mejoría.


The secondary hemophagocytic syndrome is rare in children and even rarer associated with tuberculosis. e report the case of a patient with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome, disseminated tuberculosis and hemophagocytic syndrome. An 8-year-old girl, diagnosed with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome, was admitted due to fever, vomiting and abdominal pain. She presented abdominal distension, dehydration, tachypnea, crackles and wheezing in both lungs, anemia, thrombocytopenia and coagulopathy. She received broad-spectrum antibiotics and exploratory laparotomy was performed with appendectomy and lymph node biopsy. After 72 hours the patient presented tonic clonic seizure, impaired sensory, fever, hypoxemia, hepatosplenomegaly, ascites and peripheral edema. She developed bicytopenia, hyperferritinemia and bone marrow microscopic examination with hemophagocytosis. She received intravenous gammaglobulin, steroids and blood transfusions. Mycobacterium tuberculosis was cultured in gastric aspirate, bone marrow and abdominal lymph node biopsy. She was treated with isoniazid, rifampicin, streptomycin and ethambutol, showing marked improvement.


الموضوعات
Humans , Female , Child , Tuberculosis/complications , Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome/complications , Lymphohistiocytosis, Hemophagocytic/etiology
7.
Arch. argent. pediatr ; 113(6): 491-497, dic. 2015. graf, tab
مقالة ي الانجليزية, الأسبانية | LILACS, BINACIS | ID: biblio-838135

الملخص

El diagnóstico de tuberculosis en la infancia exige una fuerte presunción diagnóstica por su forma de presentación paucibacilar. Distintos sistemas de puntuación y algoritmos se han desarrollado para sortear esta dificultad. Entre ellos, la escala diagnóstica de Keith Edwards y la de Stegen modificada por Toledo (Stegen-Toledo). Objetivos. Comparar la capacidad predictiva de la escala diagnóstica de Keith Edwards con la de la escala de Stegen-Toledo. Estimar la capacidad predictiva diagnóstica de la radiografía de tórax en forma individual. Población, material y métodos. Pacientes atendidos en un Servicio de Neumonología Pediátrica de la Ciudad de Buenos Aires entre 2009 y 2012. Para el análisis de la capacidad predictiva diagnóstica, se utilizó el test de chi-cuadrado y, para comparar su desempeno, la prueba de Mc Nemar extendida. Resultados. Keith Edwards: sensibilidad de 19,62%, especificidad de 97,62% (p < 0,0001). Stegen-Toledo: sensibilidad de 43,54%, especificidad de 97,82% (p < 0,0001). La sensibilidad entre ambas escalas presentó una diferencia significativa (p < 0,05), sin diferencias en la especificidad. Radiografía de tórax: sensibilidad de 91,15%, especificidad de 87,72% (p < 0,0001). Conclusión. La escala de Keith Edwards presentó una menor sensibilidad diagnóstica que la de Stegen-Toledo en este grupo de pacientes, sin diferencias en la especificidad. La radiografía de tórax presentó una sensibilidad de 91,15% para el diagnóstico de tuberculosis en este grupo de pacientes.


Diagnosing childhood tuberculosis requires a strong diagnostic suspicion due to its paucibacillary manifestation. Different scoring systems and algorithms have been developed to deal with such challenge skillfully. These include the Keith Edwards diagnostic score and Stegen's criteria modified by Toledo (Stegen-Toledo). Objectives. To compare the predictive ability of the Keith Edwards diagnostic score to that of the Stegen-Toledo scoring system. To estimate the predictive diagnostic ability of chest X-rays individually. Population, Material and Methods. Patients seen at the Department of Pediatric Pulmonology of the City of Buenos Aires between 2009 and 2012. A² test was used to analyze the predictive diagnostic ability, and performance was compared using the extended McNemar test. Results. Keith Edwards: 19.62% sensitivity, 97.62% specificity (p < 0.0001). Stegen-Toledo: 43.54% sensitivity, 97.82% specificity (p < 0.0001). Sensitivity was significantly different between both scoring systems (p < 0.05), but no differences were observed in terms of specificity. Chest X-ray: 91.15% sensitivity, 87.72% specificity (p < 0.0001). Conclusion. The Keith Edwards scoring system showed a lower diagnostic sensitivity than the Stegen-Toledo score in this group of patients, with no differences observed in terms of specificity. The chest X-ray showed a 91.15% sensitivity to diagnose tuberculosis in this group of patients.


الموضوعات
Humans , Child , Tuberculosis, Pulmonary/diagnosis , Predictive Value of Tests , Sensitivity and Specificity , Diagnostic Techniques, Respiratory System
8.
Arch. argent. pediatr ; 113(4): e230-e233, ago. 2015. ilus
مقالة ي الأسبانية | LILACS, BINACIS | ID: lil-757054

الملخص

La tuberculosis faríngea es una manifestación extrapulmonar infrecuente. En Argentina, se notificaron 1752 pacientes enfermos de tuberculosis menores de 19 años en el año 2012. Solo 12,15% teman localización extrapulmonar. Se presenta el caso de una adolescente que consultó por odinofagia y fiebre intermitente de 6 meses de evolución, sin respuesta al tratamiento antibiótico convencional. La radiografía de tórax presentaba infiltrado micronodulillar bilateral, por lo que la paciente se internó para estudiar y tratar. El resultado del examen directo de esputo para bacilos ácido-alcohol resistentes fue positivo y se inició tratamiento con cuatro drogas antituberculosas, con buena evolución y desaparición de los síntomas. Se obtuvo confirmación diagnóstica con el aislamiento de la Mycobacterium tuberculosis del cultivo de esputo. La tuberculosis faríngea presenta como principal motivo de consulta odinofagia y dificultad en la deglución de larga evolución. Por ello, se resalta la importancia de descartar tuberculosis ante toda faringitis sin respuesta al tratamiento convencional.


Pharyngeal tuberculosis is a rare extrapulmonary manifestation. In Argentina, the number of cases of tuberculosis reported in children under 19 years in 2012 was 1752. Only 12.15% had extrapulmonary manifestation. A case of a 17 year old girl with pharyngeal tuberculosis is reported. The patient presented intermittent fever and swallowing pain for 6 months, without response to conventional antibiotic treatment. Chest X-ray showedbilateral micronodular infiltrate, so hospitalization was decided to study and treat. The sputum examination for acid-fast resistant bacilli was positive and treatment with four antituberculous drugs was started, with good evolution and disappearance of symptoms. Diagnostic confirmation with the isolation of Mycobacterium tuberculosis in sputum culture was obtained. The main symptoms of pharyngeal tuberculosis are sore throat and difficulty in swallowing of long evolution. It is important to consider tuberculosis as differential diagnosis in patients with chronic pharyngitis unresponsive to conventional treatment.


الموضوعات
Humans , Female , Adolescent , Tuberculosis/diagnosis , Pharyngeal Diseases/diagnosis , Pharyngitis
9.
Arch. argent. pediatr ; 112(6): e252-e256, dic. 2014. ilus
مقالة ي الأسبانية | LILACS, BINACIS | ID: lil-734315

الملخص

La afectación del sistema nervioso central es una de las localizaciones extrapulmonares de la tuberculosis con peor pronóstico. El retraso en el diagnóstico y tratamiento es uno de los factores relacionados con mayor tasa de mortalidad y secuelas. Se describe la "reacción paradojal" como un deterioro sintomático de grado variable, durante el tratamiento efectivo de la tuberculosis. El aumento de la resistencia del Mycobacterium tuberculosis a fármacos observado en los últimos años genera mayor preocupación ante la aparición de una reacción paradojal durante el tratamiento. Se presenta el caso de un niño con meningitis tuberculosa que, luego de un mes de tratamiento, presentó empeoramiento clínico y nuevas lesiones en la tomografía y resonancia magnética nuclear de cerebro. Se excluyeron patologías asociadas, se verificó que la toma de medicamentos haya sido supervisada, y la sensibilidad del bacilo a fármacos antituberculosos de primera línea fue confirmada. El paciente no requirió cambios en el esquema de tratamiento antituberculoso y se administraron esteroides para el alivio sintomático. La reacción paradojal durante el tratamiento antituberculoso es infrecuente y debida a una reacción de hipersensibilidad entre el huésped y el bacilo tuberculoso. Cuando aparece, se debe asegurar la efectividad y el cumplimiento del tratamiento administrado.


The central nervous system is one of the locations of extrapulmonary tuberculosis with worse prognosis. The delay in diagnosis and treatment is one of the factors associated with higher mortality and sequelae. The "paradoxical reaction" is described as a variable degree of symptomatic deterioration during the effective treatment of tuberculosis. The increased resistance of Mycobacterium tuberculosis to drugs observed in recent years generates greater concern about the emergence of a paradoxical reaction during treatment. The case of a child with tuberculous meningitis that after one month of treatment presented clinical worsening and new lesions in CT and MRI images of the brain is presented. Comorbidities were excluded, it was verified that taking drugs has been monitored, and the sensitivity of the bacillus to first-line antituberculosis drugs was confirmed. The patient required no change in the pattern of tuberculosis treatment and steroids were administered for symptomatic relief. The paradoxical reaction during antituberculosis treatment is rare and due to a hypersensitivity reaction between the host and the tuberculous bacillus. When it appears you must ensure the effectiveness and compliance of the treatment.


الموضوعات
Humans , Child , Tuberculosis, Meningeal , Child , Tuberculosis, Central Nervous System
10.
Indian J Dermatol Venereol Leprol ; 2014 Jul-Aug ; 80 (4): 381
مقالة ي الانجليزية | IMSEAR | ID: sea-154899

الملخص

Background: Information is scarce about the presence of molecular alterations related to human papillomavirus (HPV) infection in squamous cell carcinomas of the genital skin and about the effect of this infection in the number of Langerhans cells present in these tumors. Aims: To determine the presence of HPV in genital skin squamous cell carcinomas and to see the relationship between HPV infection and changes in the expression of Ki-67 antigen (Ki-67), p53 protein (p53), retinoblastoma protein (pRb) and E-cadherin and to alterations in Langerhans cell density, if any. Methods: A descriptive, comparative, retrospective and cross-sectional study was performed with all the cases diagnosed as squamous cell carcinomas of the genital skin at the Dermatopathology Service from 2001 to 2011. The diagnosis was verified by histopathological examination. The presence of HPV was examined using chromogenic in situ hybridization, and protein expression was studied via immunohistochemical analysis. Results: The 34 cases studied were verified as squamous cell carcinomas and 44.1% were HPV positive. The degree of expression of pRb was 17.50% ±14.11% (mean ± SD) in HPV-positive cases and 29.74% ±20.38% in HPV-negative cases (P = 0.0236). The degree of expression of Ki-67 was 47.67% ±30.64% in HPV-positive cases and 29.87% ±15.95% in HPV-negative cases (P = 0.0273). Conclusion: HPV infection was related to lower pRb expression and higher Ki-67 expression in comparison with HPV negative samples. We could not find a relationship between HPV infection and the degree of expression of p53 and E-cadherin or with Langerhans cell density.


الموضوعات
Adult , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/diagnosis , Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/genetics , Cross-Sectional Studies , DNA Fingerprinting/methods , Female , Genital Neoplasms, Female/diagnosis , Genital Neoplasms, Female/genetics , Genital Neoplasms, Male/diagnosis , Genital Neoplasms, Male/genetics , Humans , Langerhans Cells/pathology , Male , Middle Aged , Papillomavirus Infections/diagnosis , Papillomavirus Infections/genetics , Retrospective Studies , Skin Neoplasms/diagnosis , Skin Neoplasms/genetics , Young Adult
12.
J. pediatr. (Rio J.) ; 90(2): 182-189, Mar-Apr/2014. tab, graf
مقالة ي الانجليزية | LILACS | ID: lil-709814

الملخص

OBJECTIVE: to determine whether C. trachomatis was present in neonates with infection, but without an isolated pathogen, who died during the first week of life. METHODS: early neonatal death cases whose causes of death had been previously adjudicated by the institutional mortality committee were randomly selected. End-point and real-time polymerase chain reaction of the C. trachomatis omp1 gene was used to blindly identify the presence of chlamydial DNA in the paraffinized samples of five organs (from authorized autopsies) of each of the dead neonates. Additionally, differential diagnoses were conducted by amplifying a fragment of the 16S rRNA of Mycoplasma spp. RESULTS: in five cases (35.7%), C. trachomatis DNA was found in one or more organs. Severe neonatal infection was present in three cases; one of them corresponded to genotype D of C. trachomatis. Interestingly, another case fulfilled the same criteria but had a positive polymerase chain reaction for Mycoplasma hominis, a pathogen known to produce sepsis in newborns. CONCLUSION: the use of molecular biology techniques in these cases of early infant mortality demonstrated that C. trachomatis could play a role in the development of severe infection and in early neonatal death, similarly to that observed with Mycoplasma hominis. Further study is required to determine the pathogenesis of this perinatal infection. .


OBJETIVO: determinar se a C. trachomatis está presente em neonatos com infecção, porém sem patógeno isolado, que morreram durante a primeira semana de vida. MÉTODOS: casos de óbito neonatal precoce cujas causas de óbito haviam sido anteriormente determinadas pelo Comitê de Mortalidade da instituição foram aleatoriamente selecionados. Foram utilizadas as reações em cadeia da polimerase convencional e em tempo real do gene omp1 da C. trachomatis, para identificar, às cegas, a presença de DNA de clamídia nas amostras desparafinizadas de cinco órgãos (de autópsias autorizadas) de cada um dos neonatos mortos. Além disso, foram realizados diagnósticos diferenciais por amplificação de um fragmento do rRNA 16S de Mycoplasma ssp. RESULTADOS: em cinco casos (35,7%) a presença de DNA de C. trachomatis foi detectada em um ou mais órgãos. Havia infecção neonatal grave em três casos; um deles correspondente ao genótipo D de C. trachomatis. Curiosamente, outro caso preencheu os mesmos critérios, porém possuía uma reação em cadeia da polimerase positiva para Mycoplasma hominis, um patógeno conhecido por causar sepse em recém-nascidos. CONCLUSÃO: a utilização de técnicas de biologia molecular nos casos de mortalidade infantil precoce mostrou que a C. trachomatis poderia desempenhar um papel no desenvolvimento de infecção grave e no óbito neonatal precoce semelhante ao observado com a Mycoplasma hominis. São necessários estudos adicionais para determinar a patogênese dessa infecção perinatal. .


الموضوعات
Female , Humans , Infant, Newborn , Male , Chlamydia Infections/microbiology , Chlamydia Infections/mortality , Chlamydia trachomatis/genetics , DNA, Bacterial/isolation & purification , Autopsy , Mycoplasma/isolation & purification , Polymerase Chain Reaction , Polymorphism, Restriction Fragment Length/genetics
13.
Rev. am. med. respir ; 10(4): 149-153, dic. 2010. tab
مقالة ي الأسبانية | LILACS | ID: lil-644264

الملخص

Introducción: Debido a la inmadurez del sistema inmune en los primeros años de vida, la edad sería uno de los factores más importantes que determinaría progreso de infección tuberculosa a enfermedad en individuos inmunocompetentes. Evaluamos si pacientes con tuberculosis menores de un año tienen mayor riesgo de presentar manifestaciones clínicas extrapulmonares y mayor gravedad que los mayores de un año. Población y métodos: Estudio de casos y controles incluyendo niños con tuberculosis menores (n=30) y mayores (n=60) de 1 año de edad. Se analizaron manifestaciones clínicas (pulmonar/extrapulmonar) y gravedad (moderada/grave). Resultados: De acuerdo a la metodología utilizada y al análisis estadístico aplicado, no se encontraron diferencias significativas entre menores y mayores de un año en relación a proporción de manifestaciones extrapulmonares (23,3% vs. 8,3% p=0,09; OR=3,35 IC95=0,81-14,65), ni a la de formas graves (23,3% vs. 8,3%; p=0,09; OR=3,35 IC95%=0,81-14,65). Al excluir pacientes con comorbilidades (n=11) el análisis de la proporción de formas extrapulmonares entre los menores y mayores de 1 año fue el siguiente: 25,9% vs. 7,7% p=0,03; OR=4,2 IC95%=0,93-21,6. Los datos comparativos analizando la gravedad fueron: 25,9% vs. 7,7%; p=0,03; OR=4,2 IC95%=0,93-21,6. Conclusión: No encontramos diferencias significativas en manifestaciones clínicas ni gravedad de tuberculosis entre menores y mayores de un año. Es posible que este hecho se halle influenciado por un tamaño muestral insuficiente, particularmente en pacientes sin comorbilidades.


Introduction: Because of immature cell-mediated immunity in young children, age could be one of the most important factors determining progression of tuberculosis from infection to disease.We evaluated whether children with tuberculosis below one year of age had a greater risk for extrapulmonary or severe tuberculosis than older children.Population and methods: Case-control study including children with tuberculosis below one year of age (n=30) and older children (n=60). We analyzed clinical manifestations (pulmonary/extrapulmonary) and severity (moderate/severe).Results: There were no significant differences in the proportions of extrapulmonary manifestations (23.3% vs. 8.3%; p=0.09; OR=3.35; IC95=0.81-14.65), and the proportions of severe cases (23.3% vs. 8.3%; p=0.09; OR=3.35; IC95=0.81-14.65), between children with tuberculosis younger and older of one year. After controlling for comorbidities (n=11), the proportions of extrapulmonary manifestations between the two age groups were: 25.9% vs. 7.7% (p=0,03; OR=4.2; IC95%=0.93-21.6), and the proportions of severe cases were: 25.9% vs. 7.7% (p=0.03; OR=4.2; IC95%=0,93-21.6). Conclusion: There were no significant differences in prevalence of extrapulmonary manifestations or severe cases between children with tuberculosis younger and older of one year. These findings could be influenced by a limited sample size, especially regarding patients without comorbidities.


الموضوعات
Humans , Adolescent , Infant, Newborn , Infant , Child, Preschool , Child , Mycobacterium tuberculosis , Tuberculosis, Pulmonary/diagnosis , Tuberculosis, Pulmonary/etiology , Tuberculosis/diagnosis , Tuberculosis/etiology , Argentina/epidemiology , Data Interpretation, Statistical , BCG Vaccine/administration & dosage
15.
Arch. argent. pediatr ; 105(2): 150-153, abr. 2007. ilus, graf
مقالة ي الأسبانية | LILACS | ID: lil-459708

الملخص

Los casos anuales de tuberculosis en Argentina se redujeron en los últimos 10 años, sin embargo, el número de niños menores de 5 años que padecen la enfermedad continúa siendo importante.La tuberculosis pulmonar en niños pequeños puede acompañarsede cavitaciones, pero, como esta forma de presentación es poco frecuente, se plantean a menudo diagnósticos erróneos que demoran el inicio del tratamiento.Se presentan cinco casos de tuberculosis pulmonar primariagrave con cavitación en niños menores de 5 años asistidos en la División Neumotisiología del Hospital de Niños Dr. Pedro de Elizalde, en el período 1999 a 2005.Las cavitaciones pulmonares pueden sugerir otros diagnósticos pero la anamnesis, la clínica y la bacteriología aportan elementos claves para el diagnóstico.La presencia en el grupo familiar de casos sintomáticos respiratorioso de enfermos de tuberculosis confirmada deben inducir a pensar en esta posibilidad etiológica; todos los casos presentados tenían contacto con adultos bacilíferos


الموضوعات
Infant , Child, Preschool , Tuberculosis, Pulmonary
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